伴隨現代制造技術的發展越(yue)來(lai)越(yue)高(gao)效運轉，精密化，直(zhi)(zhi)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)機傳動的優越(yue)性(xing)已被越(yue)來(lai)越(yue)多的人(ren)所認識。直(zhi)(zhi)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)機也稱(cheng)之為(wei)稱(cheng)線(xian)性(xing)電(dian)(dian)機，線(xian)性(xing)馬達。日常中常見的直(zhi)(zhi)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)機類型為(wei)平板式直(zhi)(zhi)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)機和U型槽式直(zhi)(zhi)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)機，規格性(xing)能以及甚至控制技術都不(bu)相(xiang)同。

 直線電機(ji)(ji)數據系(xi)統(tong)要有(you)性能良好(hao)的直線電機(ji)(ji)，還要有(you)在安全可靠的條件下實現(xian)真正與(yu)經濟要求的控制系(xi)統(tong)。由(you)于當(dang)前自動控制技(ji)(ji)術與(yu)微(wei)計(ji)算機(ji)(ji)技(ji)(ji)術的發(fa)展，應用于直線電機(ji)(ji)上的控制技(ji)(ji)術日漸增(zeng)多。

 直線電機(ji)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)領(ling)域的(de)(de)研究(jiu)大概可被有(you)三種：傳(chuan)統(tong)(tong)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)技(ji)術(shu)，當(dang)今控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)技(ji)術(shu)及智能控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)技(ji)術(shu)。傳(chuan)統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)技(ji)術(shu)，如PID反饋控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)、解(jie)耦控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)等在交(jiao)流(liu)伺服系(xi)統(tong)(tong)中得到廣泛應用。當(dang)中PID控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)包(bao)含(han)動態控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)過程的(de)(de)信息，是(shi)(shi)交(jiao)流(liu)伺服電機(ji)驅動系(xi)統(tong)(tong)中最主(zhu)要的(de)(de)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)方式。為(wei)了提升(sheng)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)效果(guo)，一般會采用解(jie)耦控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)和矢量控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)技(ji)術(shu)。在程序結構確定、不(bu)變(bian)化(hua)是(shi)(shi)線性的(de)(de)操作及條(tiao)件、運行環境是(shi)(shi)決定不(bu)改(gai)變(bian)的(de)(de)情況(kuang)下，使用傳(chuan)統(tong)(tong)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)技(ji)術(shu)是(shi)(shi)簡單(dan)實用的(de)(de)。

 應對(dui)高(gao)精度微進給(gei)的高(gao)性(xing)能(neng)場合，就需要考慮復雜對(dui)象與參數的變化，多種非線(xian)性(xing)的影響，運行環(huan)(huan)境的改變及環(huan)(huan)境干擾等時變和不確定因素，才能(neng)有滿意的控(kong)制(zhi)效果。為(wei)此(ci)，現代控(kong)制(zhi)技(ji)術在(zai)直線(xian)伺服電機調節研(yan)究中引起(qi)了(le)不小(xiao)的重視。

 最常見控(kong)制(zhi)方法有：自(zi)適應控(kong)制(zhi)、滑模(mo)變結(jie)構控(kong)制(zhi)、及智能控(kong)制(zhi)。是(shi)將模(mo)糊(hu)邏(luo)輯、神經網絡與PID等目(mu)前的成(cheng)熟的控(kong)制(zhi)方法相結(jie)合(he)，取(qu)長補短，以(yi)得到好(hao)的控(kong)制(zhi)性(xing)能。